The Internet

Internet is a network of interconnected computers that is now global

Internet born in 1969 - called ARPANET

1969 ARPANET was connection of computers at UCLA, Stanford, UCSB, Univ. of Utah

What was the state of computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s?

No Personal Computers – all large mainframe computers in late 60s

Mid 1970s – initial personal computers

Altair: Box with blinking lights

Late 1970s – Apple 2, first usable PC

Internet - 1970s

1972 - Telnet developed as a way to connect to remote computer

1972 – Email introduced

1977 - U. Wisconsin has first “large” Email system - 100 users

1973 - ARPANET goes international

1973 - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) established

What was the state of computers in the early1980s?

1981 – IBM PC

1984 – Apple Macintosh

1986 – Modem becomes option on PCs

Internet - 1980s

1984 - Domain Name Server introduced

-allows naming of hosts, no longer numeric

1986 - NSFNET created

-In 1990, becomes backbone of modern Internet when ARPANET is decommissioned

-Cmpletely privatized by 1995

-56 K interconnection initially, increased rapidly

Internet Timeline

Internet 1990s

1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web!

TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (new book Weaving the Web by TBL)

1993 - Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinois

first point-and-click browser

later developed into Netscape Navigator

World Wide Web

Via Internet, computers can contact each other

Public files on computers can be read by remote user

-usually HyperText Markup Language (.html)

URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computer

http://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.html

HTTP

World Wide Web uses HTTP Servers, better known as web server

HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Receive HTTP type request and send requested file in packets

Web Browsers

Mosaic (1993) was first point-and-click browser

Web browsers are the software we use to view web pages

Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer are most popular

Netscape Navigator was original, but Microsoft leveraged IE on market

What was the state of computers in the early to mid 1990s?

Windows 95 GUI made computing easier for PC-bound masses

Windows 95 + Internet (AOL, others) --> Huge increase in number of home PCs

Computer on every desk in workplace

Universal Resource Locator

21st Century – File Sharing

Internet allowed sharing of simple information

FTP was initial file sharing system, but a bit hard to use

WWW advanced type of info allowed, but not designed for file-sharing

Napster, KaZaA, Morpheus and LimeWire are file-sharing.

Napster

Napster was a music sharing community

Used a central server to catalog who had what

This central server violated music industry’s copyrights

Napster now screens transfers to see if they are copyrighted material

Peer to Peer

Peer to Peer (P2P) file sharing

LimeWire is good one

KaZaA is faster and more advanced

Kazaa Lite is preferred by many

Morpheus is modified KaZaA for Music City Network – really messed up these days

Each person has a “node” that advertises his or her files

Supernodes – compile lists of what nodes have

Web 2.0

Websites that provide a means for users to share personal information, allow users to modify website content, and provide applications through a browser

-Web as a platform

-Software as services

-Architecture of participation

-Social media

-Harnessing collective intelligence

Originated from O'Reilly and MediaLive International in 2004

“Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as a platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.”

- Tim O’Reilly

Traditional Media

Social Media

Web 2.0 Concepts

Blogging

Forums

Wikis

Social Networks

Bookmarking

Folksonomy = Tagging

E-commerce

Syndication

Instant Messaging

Mashup

RIA

Collaborative Software

Blogging

Individuals broadcast ideas to like-minded people
Business to broadcast latest information to stakeholders
Citizen journalism
Receive comments from readers
Photos, videos, podcasts
Micro-blogging (twitter)‏

Forums

Online message board around one topic
Discussions with posts and replies
Threads are collections of posts and replies
Moderators to clean up spam
Software communities use forums as part of support platform

Wiki

Collectively share and edit a body of knowledge
Ongoing process of creation and collaboration
Knowledge Management
Wikipedia
Enterprise wikis

Socal Networking

Online communities
Share information
Connect people with same interest
Personal, Business, Political
Facebook, Hyves, Friendster, Orkut, MySpace, LinkedIn, Plaxo
Flickr, You-Tube, Slideshare, Iens

E-Commerce

Connect seller and buyer
Adds value by providing service
Ebay, Amazon, Marktplaats
Kayak, hotels.com, Funda, Monsterboard
Business model to leverage Web 2.0 technology

Bookmarking

Users save and share links
Add meta-data
Access bookmarks on any computer
Delicio.us, Digg, Reddit, StumbledUpon
Rating
Also social networking sites

Folksonomy = Tagging

Cooperative Classification

Classification by users not experts

Easier to find

Blog posts, photos, videos, bookmarks

Common problems

-Spelling

-Plurals

-Specificity

Instant Messaging

MSN, Yahoo Messenger, ICQ, Aim, Jabber, Google Talk, Skype
Instant updates and feedback
Real-time communication
Mobile-enabled
Extra features: file transfer, contact lists, conferences
Business use to for more efficient communication

Sindication

Make updates come to you
RSS (Really Simple Syndication)‏
Standard format used to publish frequently updated works
Blog posts, comments, news, forum feeds, audio, video, stock market
Aggregated for you by a RSS feed reader
Bloglines, GoogleReader

Mashup

Aggregates data from more than one source
Often using Open API to build services from data sources
e.g. Real estate data on Google map

Colaborative Essay

Google Docs
Vyew
Real-time collaboration on documents
Change the way we work

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